Soil erosion occurs when soil is removed through the action of wind and water at a greater rate than it is formed soil the soil covering the surface of the earth has taken millions of years to form and we must learn to respect it. Soil erosion removal of top soil from one place to another by natural agencies is called soil erosion. Farmers have planted trees to act as windbreakers that prevent soil erosion. Content from this weathering and erosion powerpoint has been used at academic levels ranging from 6th grade enrichment science to introductory level geology classes at the university level. Deforestation, over grazing and unscientific agricultural practices are responsible for large scale soil erosion. Water erosion is the most prevalent kind of erosion. The removal of soil by running water and wind is known as soil erosion. Wind erosion happens when wind gusts blow away unsecured soil. The process of erosion usually takes place on the surface of soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the earths crust and with the help of the wind or water flow, it gets to settle down at another location.
Loamy soil holds water well because of the heavy grittiness given from the sand, has exceptional drainage so that the water doesnt build up too much and rot plant roots, and is nutrient rich. Rain splash erosion happens when raindrops move the soil. Soil porosity and permeability porosity is the total amount of pore space in the soil 30 to 60% affects the storage of air and water affects the rate of movement of air and water permeability is the ease in which water, air, and plant roots move through the soil ease of air, water and root movement affects rate of water intake and drainage. Flowing water sediments transported by water appear rounded and smooth most influential force in erosion transports large objects with fast moving streams helps create landforms. What makes this powerpoint special is the quiz assessment at the end that is sc. It is a process in which the top fertile layer of soil is lost. Rainfall, and the surface runoff which may result from rainfall, produces four main types of soil erosion. Precipitation is the most forceful factor causing erosion. Wind, water, ice and gravity are also known as the agents of erosion. In accordance with these agents, erosion is sometimes divided into water erosion, glacial. Erosion, removal of surface material from earths crust, primarily soil and rock debris, and the transportation of the eroded materials by natural agencies such as water or wind from the point of removal.
Soil erosion is a widespread problem in rural and urban queensland. Rill erosion is common in bare agricultural land, particularly overgrazed land, and in freshly cultivated soil where the soil structure has been loosened. Sep 04, 2015 the presence of organic matter in the soil is vital for good water retention and growth of flora. This powerpoint created by dione is based on fifteen vocabulary words related to weathering, erosion, and soil. Soil erosion is a process of detachment and transportation of soil by natural agencies of water and wind. Erosion preceded by the destruction of the crumb structure due to the impact of falling raindrop on the surface of soil is termed as splash erosion. Flowing water, rainwater, and the wind are the prime agents which cause a.
It hurts the land and people where it takes place, so also the land and people where it gets deposited. In this contest the following figures speak about the extent of problem in india. Types of erosion te ara encyclopedia of new zealand. This type of erosion starts as water flowing over the soil surface concentrates into small streams, creating channels of. Structure, unlike texture, can be altered naturally by weathering e.
Sheet erosion is the movement of soil from raindrop splash and runoff. Weber, homeroom 201 purpose the purpose of this experiment is to determine which type of soil can hold the most. The term soil erosion covers a wide range of physical and chemical actions, such as removal of soluble matters, chemical changes, disintegration by frost or by rapid changes of temperature, attrition by dust charged wind, scouring by silt laden currents, alternate impact and succession by storm waves, landslides and so on fox 1950. A ppt on the causes and effects of weathering and erosion. If we want to save our soils, we need to understand the different types of. Wind is the transport mechanism moving a thin layer of soil from land to a point of deposition. The soil often later collapses inwards, and an open gully forms. Soil erosion soil erosion is the detachment and movement of soil material. The ppt was used as a pretest to introduce the unit. Susceptibility to wind erosion is related rather definitely to the moisture content of soils. Soil erosion is the process by which soil primary particles and aggregates are removed and lost from their point of origin by wind or water, or even mass wasting from gravitational forces troeh et al. The north coasts high rainfall makes the regions soils vulnerable to water. The soilforming process and the erosional process of running water and wind are continuous.
Generally, there is a balance between these two processes. Soil erosion is the process that erodes, breaks or gradually diminishes things down. Soil erosion is the washing or blowing away by water or wind of the top layer of the soil. As the wind hits the trees, its energy of motion is reduced, and it is no longer able to lift particles.
After reading this article you will learn about wind erosion. Types of erosion helping north coast landholders reduce soil erosion. Soil profile, erosion, conservation, salinity, desertification. Soil erosion by water 9sheet erosion soil is eroded uniformly across a slope 9rill erosion numerous tiny gullies rills randomly occur 9gully erosion with increased rainfall duration and intensity, runoff volumes increase and concentrate in small ravines. Sep 21, 2017 water erosion is the most prevalent kind of erosion. Hill slopes are prone to sheet erosion and rill erosion.
Explain the ways in which different types of wind erosion occur and the. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. The removal of soil and rock material by water, wind, or frost. Large quantities of valuable soil are eroded by flowing water and moving wind. Mar 20, 2016 soil erosion is the one of the severe problem now a days. Landforms slope, slope length, and the shape of the slope are important parts that affect erosion processes for all types of soil erosion. Meaing of soil, its properties, types of soil, preperation of soil, soil horizon, soil erosion, how to control soil erosion. There are several types of water erosion that can cause difficulties for topsoil. Areas where loose, shallow topsoil overlies compact soil are most susceptible to sheet erosion. It is the fairly uniform removal of soil in thin layers from the land surface, often.
Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, it is one form of soil degradation. Repeated erosion reduces water infiltration into the soil, which may result to withering of crops. What effect will this have on the farmers next crop. The top soil is loaded with nutrients and organic matter critical for crop growth. When water enters the soil on a slope, usually down cracks after a dry period, it scours out the subsoil to form a tunnel.
The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. Depending on the local landscape and weather conditions, erosion may be very slow or very rapid. There are many factors which influence the process of soil erosion. This erosion is the hardest to see, as a uniform soil layer is removed from an area over the surface. The removal of topsoil by the natural forces is known as soil erosion. The soil material is suspended in runoff water and carried away. Gullies occur when smaller water flows concentrate and cut a channel through the soil. Apr 21, 2012 it is made over a long period of time with weathered rocks and decayed plants and animals.
Splash erosion is generally seen as the first and least severe stage in the soil erosion process, which is followed by sheet erosion, then rill erosion and finally gully erosion the most severe of the four. Soils, soil characteristics and factors affecting management. The presence of organic matter in the soil is vital for good water retention and growth of flora. One of the best ways to stop wind erosion is to plant vegetation. The rate of removal of fine particles from the surface is. This leaflet explains the different types of erosion on the north coast.
Due to soil erosion, the soil becomes less fertile. Ppt soil erosion powerpoint presentation free to view. The process may be natural or accelerated by human activity. Loess soils fine dust are very prone to this kind of erosion, especially on banks peninsula and in marlborough. Erosion happens when there is too much rain and there is a flood. Wind erosion is common where there are no plants to protect the soil. The rate of removal of fine particles from the surface is the same as the rate of addition. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. Assessing soil erosion although soil erosion has been taking place very slowly in natural.
It is made over a long period of time with weathered rocks and decayed plants and animals. Loamy soil is actually made up of a few different types of soil, with varying amounts of clay soil, silty soil, and sandy soil mixed together. While there are many types of erosion, all have the same basic process the removal of topsoil by wind or water. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice glaciers, snow, air wind, plants, animals, and humans. Three types of water erosion can occur, sheet, rill, and gully. Four kinds of accelerated water erosion are commonly recognized. As soil erodes, it loses nutrients, clogs rivers with dirt, and eventually turns the area into a desert.
Although erosion happens naturally, human activities can make it much worse. Soil erosion is the process by which soil is moved. The amount of hill slope erosion largely depends on how the land. Water water carves out canyons and can even widen rivers. Causes, effects and types of erosion water, wind, glacier. Erosion is defined as removal of rocks and soil by wind, water, ice and gravity.
Arches national park was created when softer rocks weathered due to wind and rain and tough rocks on top where left behind forming huge arches and pillars. Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land known as wind erosion. However, when earthquakes occur, massive amounts of soil, including crops and forests are a. Types of erosion environment, land and water queensland. It is the fairly uniform removal of soil in thin layers from the land surface, often scarcely perceptible, especially when caused by wind. Soil erosion of these types mainly takes place by two methods.
In the chambal basin such lands are called ravines. Water erosion has taken this soil away and created trenches. Apr 14, 2019 meaing of soil, its properties, types of soil, preperation of soil, soil horizon, soil erosion, how to control soil erosion. Soil structure is usually defined in terms of the shape and size of the units or aggregates fig. Read this article to learn about the meaning, factors, effects, types, causes and prevention of soil erosion. Extensive erosion also minimizes the depth of soil available for water storage and rooting. Rain splash only occurs if the rain falls with high intensity.
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